Field Replication Metallography

When components can’t be removed

The majority of our materials investigations involve removing components from service for destructive testing. However, this is not always possible. In many cases, critical components or plant cannot be removed without affecting their integrity or ongoing operation.

Metal components, structures and systems often operate in harsh, safety-critical environments where the underlying microstructure can be affected by a range of degradation mechanisms, impacting mechanical performance. While laboratory analysis of physical samples provides detailed insight, removing material is not always practical.

In-situ metallographic replication

In these situations, we replicate laboratory preparation techniques in-situ using specialist replication materials, allowing a technician to capture a carbon copy of the underlying microstructure.

This non-destructive technique, known as field metallographic replication, enables the identification of degradation mechanisms, supporting their management, reducing unplanned outages and helping to avoid catastrophic failure.

Our process

01

Assess

We review the component, operating conditions and inspection requirements to determine suitability.

02

Prepare

The surface is carefully prepared on-site using controlled metallographic techniques.

03

Replicate

A high-quality replica of the microstructure is taken using specialist materials.

04

Analyse

Replicas are examined to identify degradation mechanisms and material condition.

05

Advise

We provide clear guidance to support maintenance planning, defect management and continued operation.

Assessment and diagnostic applications

The results of this technique can be used for a wide number of purposes, including but not limited to:

  • Assessment of any high temperature creep damage.
  • Assessment of graphitisation in carbon and low alloy steels.
  • Determination of crack morphology and path in order to support the management of defects and failure investigations.
  • Assessment of sigma phase embrittlement and sensitisation in stainless steels.
  • Fire damage assessment.
  • Assessment of weld quality.
  • Assessment of weld failure mechanisms.
  • Verification of a metals microstructure in-situ (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Replica of a low alloy steel

Field metallurgical replication results are highly dependent upon the skill set of the technician and the selection of a suitable etchant. It is possible to damage the metal substrate without having suitable training and expertise.

R-TECH Group have several highly trained field metallurgical replication technicians who have experience in the execution of jobs assessing carbon steels, low alloy steels, stainless steels & nickel base alloys on a global basis. Interpretation of field metallurgical replicas is undertaken by our skilled team of Chartered metallurgists.

A wide variety of standards can be used to assess the results against, as required.

On-site support and complementary services

As requested, R-TECH Group can also offer in field interpretation of replicas in order to support outage schedules. Field metallographic replication is an essential tool for ensuring plant operation continuity and safety of operation personnel and the public.

Field metallographic replication is complimented by the other on-site services we offer:

  • Positive Materials Identification (XRF)
  • Hardness Testing
  • Ultrasonic Thickness Gauging

Case Studies